Lysine Methylation Modulates the Protein-Protein Interactions of Yeast Cytochrome c Cyc1p (#237)
In recent years, protein methylation has been
established as a major intracellular post translational modification (PTM). It
has also been proposed to modulate protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in the
interactome. To investigate the effect of PTMs on PPIs, we recently developed
the conditional two hybrid (C2H) system. It allows the co‑expression of a
modifying enzyme such as a methyltransferase, acetyltransferase, or kinase
alongside the bait and prey proteins. Any increase or decrease in interaction
due to the modification of the proteins can be measured by an increased or
decreased level of reporter gene expression. With this, we demonstrated that
arginine methylation can modulate PPIs in the yeast interactome. Here, we used
the C2H system to investigate the effect of lysine methylation. Specifically,
we asked whether Ctm1p-mediated trimethylation of yeast cytochrome c Cyc1p, on
lysine 78, modulates its interactions with Erv1p, Ccp1p, Cyc2p and Cyc3p. We
show that the interactions between Cyc1p and Erv1p, and between Cyc1p and
Cyc3p, are significantly increased upon trimethylation of lysine 78. This
increase of interaction helps explain the reported facilitation of Cyc1p import
into the mitochondrial intermembrane space upon methylation. This is one of the
first demonstrations in a two-hybrid system that lysine methylation can
modulate PPIs. It will be of interest to understand how widespread this process
is in the eukaryotic cell.